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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | sapkandəra |
| Genitive: | sapkandəran |
| Dative: | sapkandəralan |
| Accusative: | sapkandəram |
| Comparative: | sapkandərala |
| Comitative: | sapkandərage |
| Inessive: | sapkandəraʃte |
| Illative: | sapkandəraʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | sapkandəraʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | sapkandəram |
| 2SG: | sapkandərat |
| 3SG: | sapkandəraʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | sapkandərana |
| 2PL: | sapkandərada |
| 3PL: | sapkandəraʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | sapkandəra-βlak |
| Plural (2): | sapkandəra-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | sapkandərala |
| Sociative Plural: | sapkandəramət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | sapkandəram | sapkandəra-βlak | sapkandəra-βlakem, sapkandəram-βlak |
| Genitive: | sapkandəramən | sapkandəra-βlakən | sapkandəra-βlakemən, sapkandəram-βlakən |
| Dative: | sapkandəramlan, sapkandəralanem | sapkandəra-βlaklan | sapkandəra-βlakemlan, sapkandəram-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | sapkandəraməm | sapkandəra-βlakəm | sapkandəra-βlakeməm, sapkandəram-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | sapkandəramla, sapkandəralam | sapkandəra-βlakla | sapkandəra-βlakemla, sapkandəram-βlakla |
| Comitative: | sapkandəramge | sapkandəra-βlakge | sapkandəra-βlakemge, sapkandəram-βlakge |
| Inessive: | sapkandəraʃtem | sapkandəra-βlakəʃte | sapkandəra-βlakəʃtem, sapkandəram-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | sapkandəraʃkem | sapkandəra-βlakəʃ(ke) | sapkandəra-βlakəʃkem, sapkandəram-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | sapkandəraʃem | sapkandəra-βlakeʃ | sapkandəra-βlakeʃem, sapkandəram-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||