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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | sapkerem |
| Genitive: | sapkeremən |
| Dative: | sapkeremlan |
| Accusative: | sapkereməm |
| Comparative: | sapkeremla |
| Comitative: | sapkeremge |
| Inessive: | sapkereməʃte |
| Illative: | sapkereməʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | sapkeremeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | sapkeremem |
| 2SG: | sapkeremet |
| 3SG: | sapkeremʒe |
| 1PL: | sapkeremna |
| 2PL: | sapkeremda |
| 3PL: | sapkereməʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | sapkerem-βlak |
| Plural (2): | sapkerem-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | sapkeremla |
| Sociative Plural: | sapkeremːət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | sapkeremem | sapkerem-βlak | sapkerem-βlakem, sapkeremem-βlak |
| Genitive: | sapkerememən | sapkerem-βlakən | sapkerem-βlakemən, sapkeremem-βlakən |
| Dative: | sapkerememlan, sapkeremlanem | sapkerem-βlaklan | sapkerem-βlakemlan, sapkeremem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | sapkerememəm | sapkerem-βlakəm | sapkerem-βlakeməm, sapkeremem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | sapkerememla, sapkeremlam | sapkerem-βlakla | sapkerem-βlakemla, sapkeremem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | sapkerememge | sapkerem-βlakge | sapkerem-βlakemge, sapkeremem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | sapkereməʃtem | sapkerem-βlakəʃte | sapkerem-βlakəʃtem, sapkeremem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | sapkereməʃkem | sapkerem-βlakəʃ(ke) | sapkerem-βlakəʃkem, sapkeremem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | sapkeremeʃem | sapkerem-βlakeʃ | sapkerem-βlakeʃem, sapkeremem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||