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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | sapondaβa |
| Genitive: | sapondaβan |
| Dative: | sapondaβalan |
| Accusative: | sapondaβam |
| Comparative: | sapondaβala |
| Comitative: | sapondaβage |
| Inessive: | sapondaβašte |
| Illative: | sapondaβaš(ke) |
| Lative: | sapondaβaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | sapondaβam |
| 2SG: | sapondaβat |
| 3SG: | sapondaβaž(e) |
| 1PL: | sapondaβana |
| 2PL: | sapondaβada |
| 3PL: | sapondaβašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | sapondaβa-βlak |
| Plural (2): | sapondaβa-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | sapondaβala |
| Sociative Plural: | sapondaβamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | sapondaβam | sapondaβa-βlak | sapondaβa-βlakem, sapondaβam-βlak |
| Genitive: | sapondaβamə̑n | sapondaβa-βlakə̑n | sapondaβa-βlakemə̑n, sapondaβam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | sapondaβamlan, sapondaβalanem | sapondaβa-βlaklan | sapondaβa-βlakemlan, sapondaβam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | sapondaβamə̑m | sapondaβa-βlakə̑m | sapondaβa-βlakemə̑m, sapondaβam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | sapondaβamla, sapondaβalam | sapondaβa-βlakla | sapondaβa-βlakemla, sapondaβam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | sapondaβamge | sapondaβa-βlakge | sapondaβa-βlakemge, sapondaβam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | sapondaβaštem | sapondaβa-βlakə̑šte | sapondaβa-βlakə̑štem, sapondaβam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | sapondaβaškem | sapondaβa-βlakə̑š(ke) | sapondaβa-βlakə̑škem, sapondaβam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | sapondaβašem | sapondaβa-βlakeš | sapondaβa-βlakešem, sapondaβam-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||