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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | sapondaβa |
| Genitive: | sapondaβan |
| Dative: | sapondaβalan |
| Accusative: | sapondaβam |
| Comparative: | sapondaβala |
| Comitative: | sapondaβage |
| Inessive: | sapondaβaʃte |
| Illative: | sapondaβaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | sapondaβaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | sapondaβam |
| 2SG: | sapondaβat |
| 3SG: | sapondaβaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | sapondaβana |
| 2PL: | sapondaβada |
| 3PL: | sapondaβaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | sapondaβa-βlak |
| Plural (2): | sapondaβa-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | sapondaβala |
| Sociative Plural: | sapondaβamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | sapondaβam | sapondaβa-βlak | sapondaβa-βlakem, sapondaβam-βlak |
| Genitive: | sapondaβamən | sapondaβa-βlakən | sapondaβa-βlakemən, sapondaβam-βlakən |
| Dative: | sapondaβamlan, sapondaβalanem | sapondaβa-βlaklan | sapondaβa-βlakemlan, sapondaβam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | sapondaβaməm | sapondaβa-βlakəm | sapondaβa-βlakeməm, sapondaβam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | sapondaβamla, sapondaβalam | sapondaβa-βlakla | sapondaβa-βlakemla, sapondaβam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | sapondaβamge | sapondaβa-βlakge | sapondaβa-βlakemge, sapondaβam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | sapondaβaʃtem | sapondaβa-βlakəʃte | sapondaβa-βlakəʃtem, sapondaβam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | sapondaβaʃkem | sapondaβa-βlakəʃ(ke) | sapondaβa-βlakəʃkem, sapondaβam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | sapondaβaʃem | sapondaβa-βlakeʃ | sapondaβa-βlakeʃem, sapondaβam-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||