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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | saŋgalu |
| Genitive: | saŋgalun |
| Dative: | saŋgalulan |
| Accusative: | saŋgalum |
| Comparative: | saŋgalula |
| Comitative: | saŋgaluge |
| Inessive: | saŋgalušto |
| Illative: | saŋgaluš(ko) |
| Lative: | saŋgalueš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | saŋgaluem |
| 2SG: | saŋgaluet |
| 3SG: | saŋgaluž(o) |
| 1PL: | saŋgaluna |
| 2PL: | saŋgaluda |
| 3PL: | saŋgalušt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | saŋgalu-βlak |
| Plural (2): | saŋgalu-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | saŋgalula |
| Sociative Plural: | saŋgalumə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | saŋgaluem | saŋgalu-βlak | saŋgalu-βlakem, saŋgaluem-βlak |
| Genitive: | saŋgaluemə̑n | saŋgalu-βlakə̑n | saŋgalu-βlakemə̑n, saŋgaluem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | saŋgaluemlan, saŋgalulanem | saŋgalu-βlaklan | saŋgalu-βlakemlan, saŋgaluem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | saŋgaluemə̑m | saŋgalu-βlakə̑m | saŋgalu-βlakemə̑m, saŋgaluem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | saŋgaluemla, saŋgalulam | saŋgalu-βlakla | saŋgalu-βlakemla, saŋgaluem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | saŋgaluemge | saŋgalu-βlakge | saŋgalu-βlakemge, saŋgaluem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | saŋgaluštem | saŋgalu-βlakə̑šte | saŋgalu-βlakə̑štem, saŋgaluem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | saŋgaluškem | saŋgalu-βlakə̑š(ke) | saŋgalu-βlakə̑škem, saŋgaluem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | saŋgaluešem | saŋgalu-βlakeš | saŋgalu-βlakešem, saŋgaluem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||