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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | saŋga |
| Genitive: | saŋgan |
| Dative: | saŋgalan |
| Accusative: | saŋgam |
| Comparative: | saŋgala |
| Comitative: | saŋgage |
| Inessive: | saŋgaʃte |
| Illative: | saŋgaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | saŋgaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | saŋgam |
| 2SG: | saŋgat |
| 3SG: | saŋgaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | saŋgana |
| 2PL: | saŋgada |
| 3PL: | saŋgaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | saŋga-βlak |
| Plural (2): | saŋga-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | saŋgala |
| Sociative Plural: | saŋgamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | saŋgam | saŋga-βlak | saŋga-βlakem, saŋgam-βlak |
| Genitive: | saŋgamən | saŋga-βlakən | saŋga-βlakemən, saŋgam-βlakən |
| Dative: | saŋgamlan, saŋgalanem | saŋga-βlaklan | saŋga-βlakemlan, saŋgam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | saŋgaməm | saŋga-βlakəm | saŋga-βlakeməm, saŋgam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | saŋgamla, saŋgalam | saŋga-βlakla | saŋga-βlakemla, saŋgam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | saŋgamge | saŋga-βlakge | saŋga-βlakemge, saŋgam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | saŋgaʃtem | saŋga-βlakəʃte | saŋga-βlakəʃtem, saŋgam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | saŋgaʃkem | saŋga-βlakəʃ(ke) | saŋga-βlakəʃkem, saŋgam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | saŋgaʃem | saŋga-βlakeʃ | saŋga-βlakeʃem, saŋgam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||