Paradigm Generator
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Paradigm Generator

   ● Nominal ○ Verb ○ Postposition
Orthography: ○ Cyrillic ○ UPA ● IPA

You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.


Case Suffixes

Nominative:saŋgan
Genitive:saŋganən
Dative:saŋganlan
Accusative:saŋganəm
Comparative:saŋganla
Comitative:saŋgange
Inessive:saŋganəʃte
Illative:saŋganəʃ(ke)
Lative:saŋganeʃ

Possessive Suffixes

1SG:saŋganem
2SG:saŋganet
3SG:saŋganʒe
1PL:saŋganːa
2PL:saŋganda
3PL:saŋganəʃt

Number Suffixes

Plural (1):saŋgan-βlak
Plural (2):saŋgan-ʃamət͡ɕ
Short Plural:saŋganla
Sociative Plural:saŋganmət

Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)

For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.

CaseCx + PxCx + NxCx + Px + Nx
Nominative:saŋganemsaŋgan-βlaksaŋgan-βlakem,
saŋganem-βlak
Genitive:saŋganemənsaŋgan-βlakənsaŋgan-βlakemən,
saŋganem-βlakən
Dative:saŋganemlan,
saŋganlanem
saŋgan-βlaklansaŋgan-βlakemlan,
saŋganem-βlaklan
Accusative:saŋganeməmsaŋgan-βlakəmsaŋgan-βlakeməm,
saŋganem-βlakəm
Comparative:saŋganemla,
saŋganlam
saŋgan-βlaklasaŋgan-βlakemla,
saŋganem-βlakla
Comitative:saŋganemgesaŋgan-βlakgesaŋgan-βlakemge,
saŋganem-βlakge
Inessive:saŋganəʃtemsaŋgan-βlakəʃtesaŋgan-βlakəʃtem,
saŋganem-βlakəʃte
Illative:saŋganəʃkemsaŋgan-βlakəʃ(ke)saŋgan-βlakəʃkem,
saŋganem-βlakəʃ(ke)
Lative:saŋganeʃemsaŋgan-βlakeʃsaŋgan-βlakeʃem,
saŋganem-βlakeʃ


Last update: 10 August 2023