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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | saŋsa |
| Genitive: | saŋsan |
| Dative: | saŋsalan |
| Accusative: | saŋsam |
| Comparative: | saŋsala |
| Comitative: | saŋsage |
| Inessive: | saŋsaʃte |
| Illative: | saŋsaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | saŋsaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | saŋsam |
| 2SG: | saŋsat |
| 3SG: | saŋsaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | saŋsana |
| 2PL: | saŋsada |
| 3PL: | saŋsaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | saŋsa-βlak |
| Plural (2): | saŋsa-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | saŋsala |
| Sociative Plural: | saŋsamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | saŋsam | saŋsa-βlak | saŋsa-βlakem, saŋsam-βlak |
| Genitive: | saŋsamən | saŋsa-βlakən | saŋsa-βlakemən, saŋsam-βlakən |
| Dative: | saŋsamlan, saŋsalanem | saŋsa-βlaklan | saŋsa-βlakemlan, saŋsam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | saŋsaməm | saŋsa-βlakəm | saŋsa-βlakeməm, saŋsam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | saŋsamla, saŋsalam | saŋsa-βlakla | saŋsa-βlakemla, saŋsam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | saŋsamge | saŋsa-βlakge | saŋsa-βlakemge, saŋsam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | saŋsaʃtem | saŋsa-βlakəʃte | saŋsa-βlakəʃtem, saŋsam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | saŋsaʃkem | saŋsa-βlakəʃ(ke) | saŋsa-βlakəʃkem, saŋsam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | saŋsaʃem | saŋsa-βlakeʃ | saŋsa-βlakeʃem, saŋsam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||