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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | spirt |
| Genitive: | spirtə̑n |
| Dative: | spirtlan |
| Accusative: | spirtə̑m |
| Comparative: | spirtla |
| Comitative: | spirtge |
| Inessive: | spirtə̑šte |
| Illative: | spirtə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | spirteš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | spirtem |
| 2SG: | spirtet |
| 3SG: | spirtše |
| 1PL: | spirtna |
| 2PL: | spirtda |
| 3PL: | spirtə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | spirt-βlak |
| Plural (2): | spirt-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | spirtla |
| Sociative Plural: | spirtmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | spirtem | spirt-βlak | spirt-βlakem, spirtem-βlak |
| Genitive: | spirtemə̑n | spirt-βlakə̑n | spirt-βlakemə̑n, spirtem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | spirtemlan, spirtlanem | spirt-βlaklan | spirt-βlakemlan, spirtem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | spirtemə̑m | spirt-βlakə̑m | spirt-βlakemə̑m, spirtem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | spirtemla, spirtlam | spirt-βlakla | spirt-βlakemla, spirtem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | spirtemge | spirt-βlakge | spirt-βlakemge, spirtem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | spirtə̑štem | spirt-βlakə̑šte | spirt-βlakə̑štem, spirtem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | spirtə̑škem | spirt-βlakə̑š(ke) | spirt-βlakə̑škem, spirtem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | spirtešem | spirt-βlakeš | spirt-βlakešem, spirtem-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||