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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | spirtoβko |
| Genitive: | spirtoβkə̑n |
| Dative: | spirtoβkə̑lan |
| Accusative: | spirtoβkə̑m |
| Comparative: | spirtoβkə̑la |
| Comitative: | spirtoβkə̑ge |
| Inessive: | spirtoβkə̑što |
| Illative: | spirtoβkə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | spirtoβkeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | spirtoβkem |
| 2SG: | spirtoβket |
| 3SG: | spirtoβkə̑ž(o) |
| 1PL: | spirtoβkə̑na |
| 2PL: | spirtoβkə̑da |
| 3PL: | spirtoβkə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | spirtoβko-βlak |
| Plural (2): | spirtoβko-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | spirtoβkə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | spirtoβkə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | spirtoβkem | spirtoβko-βlak | spirtoβko-βlakem, spirtoβkem-βlak |
| Genitive: | spirtoβkemə̑n | spirtoβko-βlakə̑n | spirtoβko-βlakemə̑n, spirtoβkem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | spirtoβkemlan, spirtoβkə̑lanem | spirtoβko-βlaklan | spirtoβko-βlakemlan, spirtoβkem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | spirtoβkemə̑m | spirtoβko-βlakə̑m | spirtoβko-βlakemə̑m, spirtoβkem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | spirtoβkemla, spirtoβkə̑lam | spirtoβko-βlakla | spirtoβko-βlakemla, spirtoβkem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | spirtoβkemge | spirtoβko-βlakge | spirtoβko-βlakemge, spirtoβkem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | spirtoβkə̑štem | spirtoβko-βlakə̑šte | spirtoβko-βlakə̑štem, spirtoβkem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | spirtoβkə̑škem | spirtoβko-βlakə̑š(ke) | spirtoβko-βlakə̑škem, spirtoβkem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | spirtoβkešem | spirtoβko-βlakeš | spirtoβko-βlakešem, spirtoβkem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||