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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | substantiβnəj |
| Genitive: | substantiβnəjən |
| Dative: | substantiβnəjlan |
| Accusative: | substantiβnəjəm |
| Comparative: | substantiβnəjla |
| Comitative: | substantiβnəjge |
| Inessive: | substantiβnəjəʃte |
| Illative: | substantiβnəjəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | substantiβnəjeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | substantiβnəjem |
| 2SG: | substantiβnəjet |
| 3SG: | substantiβnəjʒe |
| 1PL: | substantiβnəjna |
| 2PL: | substantiβnəjda |
| 3PL: | substantiβnəjəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | substantiβnəj-βlak |
| Plural (2): | substantiβnəj-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | substantiβnəjla |
| Sociative Plural: | substantiβnəjmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | substantiβnəjem | substantiβnəj-βlak | substantiβnəj-βlakem, substantiβnəjem-βlak |
| Genitive: | substantiβnəjemən | substantiβnəj-βlakən | substantiβnəj-βlakemən, substantiβnəjem-βlakən |
| Dative: | substantiβnəjemlan, substantiβnəjlanem | substantiβnəj-βlaklan | substantiβnəj-βlakemlan, substantiβnəjem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | substantiβnəjeməm | substantiβnəj-βlakəm | substantiβnəj-βlakeməm, substantiβnəjem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | substantiβnəjemla, substantiβnəjlam | substantiβnəj-βlakla | substantiβnəj-βlakemla, substantiβnəjem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | substantiβnəjemge | substantiβnəj-βlakge | substantiβnəj-βlakemge, substantiβnəjem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | substantiβnəjəʃtem | substantiβnəj-βlakəʃte | substantiβnəj-βlakəʃtem, substantiβnəjem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | substantiβnəjəʃkem | substantiβnəj-βlakəʃ(ke) | substantiβnəj-βlakəʃkem, substantiβnəjem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | substantiβnəjeʃem | substantiβnəj-βlakeʃ | substantiβnəj-βlakeʃem, substantiβnəjem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||