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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | sumka |
| Genitive: | sumkan |
| Dative: | sumkalan |
| Accusative: | sumkam |
| Comparative: | sumkala |
| Comitative: | sumkage |
| Inessive: | sumkaʃte |
| Illative: | sumkaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | sumkaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | sumkam |
| 2SG: | sumkat |
| 3SG: | sumkaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | sumkana |
| 2PL: | sumkada |
| 3PL: | sumkaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | sumka-βlak |
| Plural (2): | sumka-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | sumkala |
| Sociative Plural: | sumkamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | sumkam | sumka-βlak | sumka-βlakem, sumkam-βlak |
| Genitive: | sumkamən | sumka-βlakən | sumka-βlakemən, sumkam-βlakən |
| Dative: | sumkamlan, sumkalanem | sumka-βlaklan | sumka-βlakemlan, sumkam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | sumkaməm | sumka-βlakəm | sumka-βlakeməm, sumkam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | sumkamla, sumkalam | sumka-βlakla | sumka-βlakemla, sumkam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | sumkamge | sumka-βlakge | sumka-βlakemge, sumkam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | sumkaʃtem | sumka-βlakəʃte | sumka-βlakəʃtem, sumkam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | sumkaʃkem | sumka-βlakəʃ(ke) | sumka-βlakəʃkem, sumkam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | sumkaʃem | sumka-βlakeʃ | sumka-βlakeʃem, sumkam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||