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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | sfer |
| Genitive: | sferən |
| Dative: | sferlan |
| Accusative: | sferəm |
| Comparative: | sferla |
| Comitative: | sferge |
| Inessive: | sferəʃte |
| Illative: | sferəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | sfereʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | sferem |
| 2SG: | sferet |
| 3SG: | sferʒe |
| 1PL: | sferna |
| 2PL: | sferda |
| 3PL: | sferəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | sfer-βlak |
| Plural (2): | sfer-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | sferla |
| Sociative Plural: | sfermət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | sferem | sfer-βlak | sfer-βlakem, sferem-βlak |
| Genitive: | sferemən | sfer-βlakən | sfer-βlakemən, sferem-βlakən |
| Dative: | sferemlan, sferlanem | sfer-βlaklan | sfer-βlakemlan, sferem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | sfereməm | sfer-βlakəm | sfer-βlakeməm, sferem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | sferemla, sferlam | sfer-βlakla | sfer-βlakemla, sferem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | sferemge | sfer-βlakge | sfer-βlakemge, sferem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | sferəʃtem | sfer-βlakəʃte | sfer-βlakəʃtem, sferem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | sferəʃkem | sfer-βlakəʃ(ke) | sfer-βlakəʃkem, sferem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | sfereʃem | sfer-βlakeʃ | sfer-βlakeʃem, sferem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||