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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | toβar |
| Genitive: | toβarə̑n |
| Dative: | toβarlan |
| Accusative: | toβarə̑m |
| Comparative: | toβarla |
| Comitative: | toβarge |
| Inessive: | toβarə̑šte |
| Illative: | toβarə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | toβareš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | toβarem |
| 2SG: | toβaret |
| 3SG: | toβarže |
| 1PL: | toβarna |
| 2PL: | toβarda |
| 3PL: | toβarə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | toβar-βlak |
| Plural (2): | toβar-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | toβarla |
| Sociative Plural: | toβarmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | toβarem | toβar-βlak | toβar-βlakem, toβarem-βlak |
| Genitive: | toβaremə̑n | toβar-βlakə̑n | toβar-βlakemə̑n, toβarem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | toβaremlan, toβarlanem | toβar-βlaklan | toβar-βlakemlan, toβarem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | toβaremə̑m | toβar-βlakə̑m | toβar-βlakemə̑m, toβarem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | toβaremla, toβarlam | toβar-βlakla | toβar-βlakemla, toβarem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | toβaremge | toβar-βlakge | toβar-βlakemge, toβarem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | toβarə̑štem | toβar-βlakə̑šte | toβar-βlakə̑štem, toβarem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | toβarə̑škem | toβar-βlakə̑š(ke) | toβar-βlakə̑škem, toβarem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | toβarešem | toβar-βlakeš | toβar-βlakešem, toβarem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||