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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | toβaŋdə̑š |
| Genitive: | toβaŋdə̑šə̑n |
| Dative: | toβaŋdə̑šlan |
| Accusative: | toβaŋdə̑šə̑m |
| Comparative: | toβaŋdə̑šla |
| Comitative: | toβaŋdə̑šge |
| Inessive: | toβaŋdə̑šte, toβaŋdə̑šə̑šte |
| Illative: | toβaŋdə̑ške, toβaŋdə̑šə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | toβaŋdə̑šeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | toβaŋdə̑šem |
| 2SG: | toβaŋdə̑šet |
| 3SG: | toβaŋdə̑šše, toβaŋdə̑šə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | toβaŋdə̑šna |
| 2PL: | toβaŋdə̑šda |
| 3PL: | toβaŋdə̑šə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | toβaŋdə̑š-βlak |
| Plural (2): | toβaŋdə̑š-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | toβaŋdə̑šla |
| Sociative Plural: | toβaŋdə̑šmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | toβaŋdə̑šem | toβaŋdə̑š-βlak | toβaŋdə̑š-βlakem, toβaŋdə̑šem-βlak |
| Genitive: | toβaŋdə̑šemə̑n | toβaŋdə̑š-βlakə̑n | toβaŋdə̑š-βlakemə̑n, toβaŋdə̑šem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | toβaŋdə̑šemlan, toβaŋdə̑šlanem | toβaŋdə̑š-βlaklan | toβaŋdə̑š-βlakemlan, toβaŋdə̑šem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | toβaŋdə̑šemə̑m | toβaŋdə̑š-βlakə̑m | toβaŋdə̑š-βlakemə̑m, toβaŋdə̑šem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | toβaŋdə̑šemla, toβaŋdə̑šlam | toβaŋdə̑š-βlakla | toβaŋdə̑š-βlakemla, toβaŋdə̑šem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | toβaŋdə̑šemge | toβaŋdə̑š-βlakge | toβaŋdə̑š-βlakemge, toβaŋdə̑šem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | toβaŋdə̑štem, toβaŋdə̑šə̑štem | toβaŋdə̑š-βlakə̑šte | toβaŋdə̑š-βlakə̑štem, toβaŋdə̑šem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | toβaŋdə̑škem, toβaŋdə̑šə̑škem | toβaŋdə̑š-βlakə̑š(ke) | toβaŋdə̑š-βlakə̑škem, toβaŋdə̑šem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | toβaŋdə̑šešem | toβaŋdə̑š-βlakeš | toβaŋdə̑š-βlakešem, toβaŋdə̑šem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||