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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | toj-č́inč́e |
| Genitive: | toj-č́inč́ə̑n |
| Dative: | toj-č́inč́ə̑lan |
| Accusative: | toj-č́inč́ə̑m |
| Comparative: | toj-č́inč́ə̑la |
| Comitative: | toj-č́inč́ə̑ge |
| Inessive: | toj-č́inč́ə̑šte |
| Illative: | toj-č́inč́ə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | toj-č́inč́eš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | toj-č́inč́em |
| 2SG: | toj-č́inč́et |
| 3SG: | toj-č́inč́ə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | toj-č́inč́ə̑na |
| 2PL: | toj-č́inč́ə̑da |
| 3PL: | toj-č́inč́ə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | toj-č́inč́e-βlak |
| Plural (2): | toj-č́inč́e-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | toj-č́inč́ə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | toj-č́inč́ə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | toj-č́inč́em | toj-č́inč́e-βlak | toj-č́inč́e-βlakem, toj-č́inč́em-βlak |
| Genitive: | toj-č́inč́emə̑n | toj-č́inč́e-βlakə̑n | toj-č́inč́e-βlakemə̑n, toj-č́inč́em-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | toj-č́inč́emlan, toj-č́inč́ə̑lanem | toj-č́inč́e-βlaklan | toj-č́inč́e-βlakemlan, toj-č́inč́em-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | toj-č́inč́emə̑m | toj-č́inč́e-βlakə̑m | toj-č́inč́e-βlakemə̑m, toj-č́inč́em-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | toj-č́inč́emla, toj-č́inč́ə̑lam | toj-č́inč́e-βlakla | toj-č́inč́e-βlakemla, toj-č́inč́em-βlakla |
| Comitative: | toj-č́inč́emge | toj-č́inč́e-βlakge | toj-č́inč́e-βlakemge, toj-č́inč́em-βlakge |
| Inessive: | toj-č́inč́ə̑štem | toj-č́inč́e-βlakə̑šte | toj-č́inč́e-βlakə̑štem, toj-č́inč́em-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | toj-č́inč́ə̑škem | toj-č́inč́e-βlakə̑š(ke) | toj-č́inč́e-βlakə̑škem, toj-č́inč́em-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | toj-č́inč́ešem | toj-č́inč́e-βlakeš | toj-č́inč́e-βlakešem, toj-č́inč́em-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||