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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tojlaŋše |
| Genitive: | tojlaŋšə̑n |
| Dative: | tojlaŋšə̑lan |
| Accusative: | tojlaŋšə̑m |
| Comparative: | tojlaŋšə̑la |
| Comitative: | tojlaŋšə̑ge |
| Inessive: | tojlaŋšə̑šte |
| Illative: | tojlaŋšə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | tojlaŋšeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tojlaŋšem |
| 2SG: | tojlaŋšet |
| 3SG: | tojlaŋšə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | tojlaŋšə̑na |
| 2PL: | tojlaŋšə̑da |
| 3PL: | tojlaŋšə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tojlaŋše-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tojlaŋše-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | tojlaŋšə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | tojlaŋšə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tojlaŋšem | tojlaŋše-βlak | tojlaŋše-βlakem, tojlaŋšem-βlak |
| Genitive: | tojlaŋšemə̑n | tojlaŋše-βlakə̑n | tojlaŋše-βlakemə̑n, tojlaŋšem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | tojlaŋšemlan, tojlaŋšə̑lanem | tojlaŋše-βlaklan | tojlaŋše-βlakemlan, tojlaŋšem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tojlaŋšemə̑m | tojlaŋše-βlakə̑m | tojlaŋše-βlakemə̑m, tojlaŋšem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | tojlaŋšemla, tojlaŋšə̑lam | tojlaŋše-βlakla | tojlaŋše-βlakemla, tojlaŋšem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tojlaŋšemge | tojlaŋše-βlakge | tojlaŋše-βlakemge, tojlaŋšem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tojlaŋšə̑štem | tojlaŋše-βlakə̑šte | tojlaŋše-βlakə̑štem, tojlaŋšem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | tojlaŋšə̑škem | tojlaŋše-βlakə̑š(ke) | tojlaŋše-βlakə̑škem, tojlaŋšem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | tojlaŋšešem | tojlaŋše-βlakeš | tojlaŋše-βlakešem, tojlaŋšem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||