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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | toktar |
| Genitive: | toktarən |
| Dative: | toktarlan |
| Accusative: | toktarəm |
| Comparative: | toktarla |
| Comitative: | toktarge |
| Inessive: | toktarəʃte |
| Illative: | toktarəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | toktareʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | toktarem |
| 2SG: | toktaret |
| 3SG: | toktarʒe |
| 1PL: | toktarna |
| 2PL: | toktarda |
| 3PL: | toktarəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | toktar-βlak |
| Plural (2): | toktar-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | toktarla |
| Sociative Plural: | toktarmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | toktarem | toktar-βlak | toktar-βlakem, toktarem-βlak |
| Genitive: | toktaremən | toktar-βlakən | toktar-βlakemən, toktarem-βlakən |
| Dative: | toktaremlan, toktarlanem | toktar-βlaklan | toktar-βlakemlan, toktarem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | toktareməm | toktar-βlakəm | toktar-βlakeməm, toktarem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | toktaremla, toktarlam | toktar-βlakla | toktar-βlakemla, toktarem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | toktaremge | toktar-βlakge | toktar-βlakemge, toktarem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | toktarəʃtem | toktar-βlakəʃte | toktar-βlakəʃtem, toktarem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | toktarəʃkem | toktar-βlakəʃ(ke) | toktar-βlakəʃkem, toktarem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | toktareʃem | toktar-βlakeʃ | toktar-βlakeʃem, toktarem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||