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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tolkan |
| Genitive: | tolkanən |
| Dative: | tolkanlan |
| Accusative: | tolkanəm |
| Comparative: | tolkanla |
| Comitative: | tolkange |
| Inessive: | tolkanəʃte |
| Illative: | tolkanəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tolkaneʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tolkanem |
| 2SG: | tolkanet |
| 3SG: | tolkanʒe |
| 1PL: | tolkanːa |
| 2PL: | tolkanda |
| 3PL: | tolkanəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tolkan-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tolkan-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | tolkanla |
| Sociative Plural: | tolkanmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tolkanem | tolkan-βlak | tolkan-βlakem, tolkanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | tolkanemən | tolkan-βlakən | tolkan-βlakemən, tolkanem-βlakən |
| Dative: | tolkanemlan, tolkanlanem | tolkan-βlaklan | tolkan-βlakemlan, tolkanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tolkaneməm | tolkan-βlakəm | tolkan-βlakeməm, tolkanem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | tolkanemla, tolkanlam | tolkan-βlakla | tolkan-βlakemla, tolkanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tolkanemge | tolkan-βlakge | tolkan-βlakemge, tolkanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tolkanəʃtem | tolkan-βlakəʃte | tolkan-βlakəʃtem, tolkanem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | tolkanəʃkem | tolkan-βlakəʃ(ke) | tolkan-βlakəʃkem, tolkanem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tolkaneʃem | tolkan-βlakeʃ | tolkan-βlakeʃem, tolkanem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||