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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tolmaʃ |
| Genitive: | tolmaʃən |
| Dative: | tolmaʃlan |
| Accusative: | tolmaʃəm |
| Comparative: | tolmaʃla |
| Comitative: | tolmaʃge |
| Inessive: | tolmaʃte, tolmaʃəʃte |
| Illative: | tolmaʃke, tolmaʃəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tolmaʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tolmaʃem |
| 2SG: | tolmaʃet |
| 3SG: | tolmaʃːe, tolmaʃəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | tolmaʃna |
| 2PL: | tolmaʃda |
| 3PL: | tolmaʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tolmaʃ-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tolmaʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | tolmaʃla |
| Sociative Plural: | tolmaʃmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tolmaʃem | tolmaʃ-βlak | tolmaʃ-βlakem, tolmaʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | tolmaʃemən | tolmaʃ-βlakən | tolmaʃ-βlakemən, tolmaʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | tolmaʃemlan, tolmaʃlanem | tolmaʃ-βlaklan | tolmaʃ-βlakemlan, tolmaʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tolmaʃeməm | tolmaʃ-βlakəm | tolmaʃ-βlakeməm, tolmaʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | tolmaʃemla, tolmaʃlam | tolmaʃ-βlakla | tolmaʃ-βlakemla, tolmaʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tolmaʃemge | tolmaʃ-βlakge | tolmaʃ-βlakemge, tolmaʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tolmaʃtem, tolmaʃəʃtem | tolmaʃ-βlakəʃte | tolmaʃ-βlakəʃtem, tolmaʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | tolmaʃkem, tolmaʃəʃkem | tolmaʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | tolmaʃ-βlakəʃkem, tolmaʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tolmaʃeʃem | tolmaʃ-βlakeʃ | tolmaʃ-βlakeʃem, tolmaʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||