Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tolšem | om tolšo |
| 2SG: | tolšet | ot tolšo |
| 3SG: | tolša | ok/ogeš tolšo |
| 1PL: | tolšena | ona/ogə̑na tolšo |
| 2PL: | tolšeda | oda/ogə̑da tolšo |
| 3PL: | tolšat | ogə̑t tolšo |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tolšə̑šə̑m | šə̑m tolšo |
| 2SG: | tolšə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ tolšo |
| 3SG: | tolšə̑š | ə̑š tolšo |
| 1PL: | tolšə̑šna | ə̑šna tolšo |
| 2PL: | tolšə̑šda | ə̑šda tolšo |
| 3PL: | tolšə̑št | ə̑št tolšo |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tolšenam | tolšen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | tolšenat | tolšen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | tolšen | tolšen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | tolšenna | tolšen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | tolšenda | tolšen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | tolšenə̑t | tolšen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tolšem ə̑l'e | om tolšo ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tolšet ə̑l'e | ot tolšo ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tolša ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš tolšo ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tolšena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na tolšo ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tolšeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da tolšo ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tolšat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t tolšo ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tolšem ulmaš | om tolšo ulmaš |
| 2SG: | tolšet ulmaš | ot tolšo ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tolša ulmaš | ok/ogeš tolšo ulmaš |
| 1PL: | tolšena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na tolšo ulmaš |
| 2PL: | tolšeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da tolšo ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tolšat ulmaš | ogə̑t tolšo ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tolšenam ə̑l'e | tolšen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tolšenat ə̑l'e | tolšen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tolšen ə̑l'e | tolšen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tolšenna ə̑l'e | tolšen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tolšenda ə̑l'e | tolšen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tolšen ə̑l'e | tolšen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tolšenam ulmaš | tolšen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | tolšenat ulmaš | tolšen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tolšen ulmaš | tolšen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | tolšenna ulmaš | tolšen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | tolšenda ulmaš | tolšen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tolšen ulmaš | tolšen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tolšo | it tolšo |
| 3SG: | tolšə̑žo | ə̑nže tolšo |
| 1PL: | (tolšena) | (ona/ogə̑na tolšo) |
| 2PL: | tolšə̑za | ida tolšo |
| 3PL: | tolšə̑št | ə̑nə̑št tolšo |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tolšə̑nem | ə̑nem tolšo |
| 2SG: | tolšə̑net | ə̑net tolšo |
| 3SG: | tolšə̑neže | ə̑než tolšo |
| 1PL: | tolšə̑nena | ə̑nena tolšo |
| 2PL: | tolšə̑neda | ə̑neda tolšo |
| 3PL: | tolšə̑nešt | ə̑nešt tolšo |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tolšə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem tolšo ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tolšə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net tolšo ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tolšə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než tolšo ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tolšə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena tolšo ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tolšə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda tolšo ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tolšə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt tolšo ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tolšə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net tolšo ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tolšə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než tolšo ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | tolšə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda tolšo ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tolšə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt tolšo ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | tolšaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | tolšə̑man |
| Active participle: | tolšə̑šo |
| Passive participle: | tolšə̑mo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | tolšə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | tolšə̑də̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | tolšen |
| Negative gerund: | tolšə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | tolšə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | tolšə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | tolšə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | tolšə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | tolšə̑də̑maš |
