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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tomka |
| Genitive: | tomkan |
| Dative: | tomkalan |
| Accusative: | tomkam |
| Comparative: | tomkala |
| Comitative: | tomkage |
| Inessive: | tomkaʃte |
| Illative: | tomkaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tomkaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tomkam |
| 2SG: | tomkat |
| 3SG: | tomkaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | tomkana |
| 2PL: | tomkada |
| 3PL: | tomkaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tomka-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tomka-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | tomkala |
| Sociative Plural: | tomkamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tomkam | tomka-βlak | tomka-βlakem, tomkam-βlak |
| Genitive: | tomkamən | tomka-βlakən | tomka-βlakemən, tomkam-βlakən |
| Dative: | tomkamlan, tomkalanem | tomka-βlaklan | tomka-βlakemlan, tomkam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tomkaməm | tomka-βlakəm | tomka-βlakeməm, tomkam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | tomkamla, tomkalam | tomka-βlakla | tomka-βlakemla, tomkam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tomkamge | tomka-βlakge | tomka-βlakemge, tomkam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tomkaʃtem | tomka-βlakəʃte | tomka-βlakəʃtem, tomkam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | tomkaʃkem | tomka-βlakəʃ(ke) | tomka-βlakəʃkem, tomkam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tomkaʃem | tomka-βlakeʃ | tomka-βlakeʃem, tomkam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||