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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | ton |
| Genitive: | tonən |
| Dative: | tonlan |
| Accusative: | tonəm |
| Comparative: | tonla |
| Comitative: | tonge |
| Inessive: | tonəʃto |
| Illative: | tonəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | toneʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tonem |
| 2SG: | tonet |
| 3SG: | tonʒo |
| 1PL: | tonːa |
| 2PL: | tonda |
| 3PL: | tonəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | ton-βlak |
| Plural (2): | ton-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | tonla |
| Sociative Plural: | tonmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tonem | ton-βlak | ton-βlakem, tonem-βlak |
| Genitive: | tonemən | ton-βlakən | ton-βlakemən, tonem-βlakən |
| Dative: | tonemlan, tonlanem | ton-βlaklan | ton-βlakemlan, tonem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | toneməm | ton-βlakəm | ton-βlakeməm, tonem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | tonemla, tonlam | ton-βlakla | ton-βlakemla, tonem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tonemge | ton-βlakge | ton-βlakemge, tonem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tonəʃtem | ton-βlakəʃte | ton-βlakəʃtem, tonem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | tonəʃkem | ton-βlakəʃ(ke) | ton-βlakəʃkem, tonem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | toneʃem | ton-βlakeʃ | ton-βlakeʃem, tonem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||