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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | topkata |
| Genitive: | topkatan |
| Dative: | topkatalan |
| Accusative: | topkatam |
| Comparative: | topkatala |
| Comitative: | topkatage |
| Inessive: | topkatašte |
| Illative: | topkataš(ke) |
| Lative: | topkataš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | topkatam |
| 2SG: | topkatat |
| 3SG: | topkataž(e) |
| 1PL: | topkatana |
| 2PL: | topkatada |
| 3PL: | topkatašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | topkata-βlak |
| Plural (2): | topkata-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | topkatala |
| Sociative Plural: | topkatamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | topkatam | topkata-βlak | topkata-βlakem, topkatam-βlak |
| Genitive: | topkatamə̑n | topkata-βlakə̑n | topkata-βlakemə̑n, topkatam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | topkatamlan, topkatalanem | topkata-βlaklan | topkata-βlakemlan, topkatam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | topkatamə̑m | topkata-βlakə̑m | topkata-βlakemə̑m, topkatam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | topkatamla, topkatalam | topkata-βlakla | topkata-βlakemla, topkatam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | topkatamge | topkata-βlakge | topkata-βlakemge, topkatam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | topkataštem | topkata-βlakə̑šte | topkata-βlakə̑štem, topkatam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | topkataškem | topkata-βlakə̑š(ke) | topkata-βlakə̑škem, topkatam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | topkatašem | topkata-βlakeš | topkata-βlakešem, topkatam-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||