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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | toponimike |
| Genitive: | toponimikən |
| Dative: | toponimikəlan |
| Accusative: | toponimikəm |
| Comparative: | toponimikəla |
| Comitative: | toponimikəge |
| Inessive: | toponimikəʃte |
| Illative: | toponimikəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | toponimikeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | toponimikem |
| 2SG: | toponimiket |
| 3SG: | toponimikəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | toponimikəna |
| 2PL: | toponimikəda |
| 3PL: | toponimikəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | toponimike-βlak |
| Plural (2): | toponimike-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | toponimikəla |
| Sociative Plural: | toponimikəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | toponimikem | toponimike-βlak | toponimike-βlakem, toponimikem-βlak |
| Genitive: | toponimikemən | toponimike-βlakən | toponimike-βlakemən, toponimikem-βlakən |
| Dative: | toponimikemlan, toponimikəlanem | toponimike-βlaklan | toponimike-βlakemlan, toponimikem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | toponimikeməm | toponimike-βlakəm | toponimike-βlakeməm, toponimikem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | toponimikemla, toponimikəlam | toponimike-βlakla | toponimike-βlakemla, toponimikem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | toponimikemge | toponimike-βlakge | toponimike-βlakemge, toponimikem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | toponimikəʃtem | toponimike-βlakəʃte | toponimike-βlakəʃtem, toponimikem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | toponimikəʃkem | toponimike-βlakəʃ(ke) | toponimike-βlakəʃkem, toponimikem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | toponimikeʃem | toponimike-βlakeʃ | toponimike-βlakeʃem, toponimikem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||