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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tor |
| Genitive: | torən |
| Dative: | torlan |
| Accusative: | torəm |
| Comparative: | torla |
| Comitative: | torge |
| Inessive: | torəʃto |
| Illative: | torəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | toreʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | torem |
| 2SG: | toret |
| 3SG: | torʒo |
| 1PL: | torna |
| 2PL: | torda |
| 3PL: | torəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tor-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tor-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | torla |
| Sociative Plural: | tormət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | torem | tor-βlak | tor-βlakem, torem-βlak |
| Genitive: | toremən | tor-βlakən | tor-βlakemən, torem-βlakən |
| Dative: | toremlan, torlanem | tor-βlaklan | tor-βlakemlan, torem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | toreməm | tor-βlakəm | tor-βlakeməm, torem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | toremla, torlam | tor-βlakla | tor-βlakemla, torem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | toremge | tor-βlakge | tor-βlakemge, torem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | torəʃtem | tor-βlakəʃte | tor-βlakəʃtem, torem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | torəʃkem | tor-βlakəʃ(ke) | tor-βlakəʃkem, torem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | toreʃem | tor-βlakeʃ | tor-βlakeʃem, torem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||