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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | toraŋmaʃ |
| Genitive: | toraŋmaʃən |
| Dative: | toraŋmaʃlan |
| Accusative: | toraŋmaʃəm |
| Comparative: | toraŋmaʃla |
| Comitative: | toraŋmaʃge |
| Inessive: | toraŋmaʃte, toraŋmaʃəʃte |
| Illative: | toraŋmaʃke, toraŋmaʃəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | toraŋmaʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | toraŋmaʃem |
| 2SG: | toraŋmaʃet |
| 3SG: | toraŋmaʃːe, toraŋmaʃəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | toraŋmaʃna |
| 2PL: | toraŋmaʃda |
| 3PL: | toraŋmaʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | toraŋmaʃ-βlak |
| Plural (2): | toraŋmaʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | toraŋmaʃla |
| Sociative Plural: | toraŋmaʃmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | toraŋmaʃem | toraŋmaʃ-βlak | toraŋmaʃ-βlakem, toraŋmaʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | toraŋmaʃemən | toraŋmaʃ-βlakən | toraŋmaʃ-βlakemən, toraŋmaʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | toraŋmaʃemlan, toraŋmaʃlanem | toraŋmaʃ-βlaklan | toraŋmaʃ-βlakemlan, toraŋmaʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | toraŋmaʃeməm | toraŋmaʃ-βlakəm | toraŋmaʃ-βlakeməm, toraŋmaʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | toraŋmaʃemla, toraŋmaʃlam | toraŋmaʃ-βlakla | toraŋmaʃ-βlakemla, toraŋmaʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | toraŋmaʃemge | toraŋmaʃ-βlakge | toraŋmaʃ-βlakemge, toraŋmaʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | toraŋmaʃtem, toraŋmaʃəʃtem | toraŋmaʃ-βlakəʃte | toraŋmaʃ-βlakəʃtem, toraŋmaʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | toraŋmaʃkem, toraŋmaʃəʃkem | toraŋmaʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | toraŋmaʃ-βlakəʃkem, toraŋmaʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | toraŋmaʃeʃem | toraŋmaʃ-βlakeʃ | toraŋmaʃ-βlakeʃem, toraŋmaʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||