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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | torase |
| Genitive: | torasə̑n |
| Dative: | torasə̑lan |
| Accusative: | torasə̑m |
| Comparative: | torasə̑la |
| Comitative: | torasə̑ge |
| Inessive: | torasə̑šte |
| Illative: | torasə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | toraseš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | torasem |
| 2SG: | toraset |
| 3SG: | torasə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | torasə̑na |
| 2PL: | torasə̑da |
| 3PL: | torasə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | torase-βlak |
| Plural (2): | torase-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | torasə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | torasə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | torasem | torase-βlak | torase-βlakem, torasem-βlak |
| Genitive: | torasemə̑n | torase-βlakə̑n | torase-βlakemə̑n, torasem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | torasemlan, torasə̑lanem | torase-βlaklan | torase-βlakemlan, torasem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | torasemə̑m | torase-βlakə̑m | torase-βlakemə̑m, torasem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | torasemla, torasə̑lam | torase-βlakla | torase-βlakemla, torasem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | torasemge | torase-βlakge | torase-βlakemge, torasem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | torasə̑štem | torase-βlakə̑šte | torase-βlakə̑štem, torasem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | torasə̑škem | torase-βlakə̑š(ke) | torase-βlakə̑škem, torasem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | torasešem | torase-βlakeš | torase-βlakešem, torasem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||