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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | toreʃpila |
| Genitive: | toreʃpilan |
| Dative: | toreʃpilalan |
| Accusative: | toreʃpilam |
| Comparative: | toreʃpilala |
| Comitative: | toreʃpilage |
| Inessive: | toreʃpilaʃte |
| Illative: | toreʃpilaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | toreʃpilaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | toreʃpilam |
| 2SG: | toreʃpilat |
| 3SG: | toreʃpilaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | toreʃpilana |
| 2PL: | toreʃpilada |
| 3PL: | toreʃpilaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | toreʃpila-βlak |
| Plural (2): | toreʃpila-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | toreʃpilala |
| Sociative Plural: | toreʃpilamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | toreʃpilam | toreʃpila-βlak | toreʃpila-βlakem, toreʃpilam-βlak |
| Genitive: | toreʃpilamən | toreʃpila-βlakən | toreʃpila-βlakemən, toreʃpilam-βlakən |
| Dative: | toreʃpilamlan, toreʃpilalanem | toreʃpila-βlaklan | toreʃpila-βlakemlan, toreʃpilam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | toreʃpilaməm | toreʃpila-βlakəm | toreʃpila-βlakeməm, toreʃpilam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | toreʃpilamla, toreʃpilalam | toreʃpila-βlakla | toreʃpila-βlakemla, toreʃpilam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | toreʃpilamge | toreʃpila-βlakge | toreʃpila-βlakemge, toreʃpilam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | toreʃpilaʃtem | toreʃpila-βlakəʃte | toreʃpila-βlakəʃtem, toreʃpilam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | toreʃpilaʃkem | toreʃpila-βlakəʃ(ke) | toreʃpila-βlakəʃkem, toreʃpilam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | toreʃpilaʃem | toreʃpila-βlakeʃ | toreʃpila-βlakeʃem, toreʃpilam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||