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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | toreʃt͡ɕapa |
| Genitive: | toreʃt͡ɕapan |
| Dative: | toreʃt͡ɕapalan |
| Accusative: | toreʃt͡ɕapam |
| Comparative: | toreʃt͡ɕapala |
| Comitative: | toreʃt͡ɕapage |
| Inessive: | toreʃt͡ɕapaʃte |
| Illative: | toreʃt͡ɕapaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | toreʃt͡ɕapaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | toreʃt͡ɕapam |
| 2SG: | toreʃt͡ɕapat |
| 3SG: | toreʃt͡ɕapaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | toreʃt͡ɕapana |
| 2PL: | toreʃt͡ɕapada |
| 3PL: | toreʃt͡ɕapaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | toreʃt͡ɕapa-βlak |
| Plural (2): | toreʃt͡ɕapa-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | toreʃt͡ɕapala |
| Sociative Plural: | toreʃt͡ɕapamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | toreʃt͡ɕapam | toreʃt͡ɕapa-βlak | toreʃt͡ɕapa-βlakem, toreʃt͡ɕapam-βlak |
| Genitive: | toreʃt͡ɕapamən | toreʃt͡ɕapa-βlakən | toreʃt͡ɕapa-βlakemən, toreʃt͡ɕapam-βlakən |
| Dative: | toreʃt͡ɕapamlan, toreʃt͡ɕapalanem | toreʃt͡ɕapa-βlaklan | toreʃt͡ɕapa-βlakemlan, toreʃt͡ɕapam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | toreʃt͡ɕapaməm | toreʃt͡ɕapa-βlakəm | toreʃt͡ɕapa-βlakeməm, toreʃt͡ɕapam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | toreʃt͡ɕapamla, toreʃt͡ɕapalam | toreʃt͡ɕapa-βlakla | toreʃt͡ɕapa-βlakemla, toreʃt͡ɕapam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | toreʃt͡ɕapamge | toreʃt͡ɕapa-βlakge | toreʃt͡ɕapa-βlakemge, toreʃt͡ɕapam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | toreʃt͡ɕapaʃtem | toreʃt͡ɕapa-βlakəʃte | toreʃt͡ɕapa-βlakəʃtem, toreʃt͡ɕapam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | toreʃt͡ɕapaʃkem | toreʃt͡ɕapa-βlakəʃ(ke) | toreʃt͡ɕapa-βlakəʃkem, toreʃt͡ɕapam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | toreʃt͡ɕapaʃem | toreʃt͡ɕapa-βlakeʃ | toreʃt͡ɕapa-βlakeʃem, toreʃt͡ɕapam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||