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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | torʒa |
| Genitive: | torʒan |
| Dative: | torʒalan |
| Accusative: | torʒam |
| Comparative: | torʒala |
| Comitative: | torʒage |
| Inessive: | torʒaʃte |
| Illative: | torʒaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | torʒaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | torʒam |
| 2SG: | torʒat |
| 3SG: | torʒaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | torʒana |
| 2PL: | torʒada |
| 3PL: | torʒaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | torʒa-βlak |
| Plural (2): | torʒa-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | torʒala |
| Sociative Plural: | torʒamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | torʒam | torʒa-βlak | torʒa-βlakem, torʒam-βlak |
| Genitive: | torʒamən | torʒa-βlakən | torʒa-βlakemən, torʒam-βlakən |
| Dative: | torʒamlan, torʒalanem | torʒa-βlaklan | torʒa-βlakemlan, torʒam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | torʒaməm | torʒa-βlakəm | torʒa-βlakeməm, torʒam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | torʒamla, torʒalam | torʒa-βlakla | torʒa-βlakemla, torʒam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | torʒamge | torʒa-βlakge | torʒa-βlakemge, torʒam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | torʒaʃtem | torʒa-βlakəʃte | torʒa-βlakəʃtem, torʒam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | torʒaʃkem | torʒa-βlakəʃ(ke) | torʒa-βlakəʃkem, torʒam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | torʒaʃem | torʒa-βlakeʃ | torʒa-βlakeʃem, torʒam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||