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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | torka |
| Genitive: | torkan |
| Dative: | torkalan |
| Accusative: | torkam |
| Comparative: | torkala |
| Comitative: | torkage |
| Inessive: | torkaʃte |
| Illative: | torkaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | torkaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | torkam |
| 2SG: | torkat |
| 3SG: | torkaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | torkana |
| 2PL: | torkada |
| 3PL: | torkaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | torka-βlak |
| Plural (2): | torka-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | torkala |
| Sociative Plural: | torkamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | torkam | torka-βlak | torka-βlakem, torkam-βlak |
| Genitive: | torkamən | torka-βlakən | torka-βlakemən, torkam-βlakən |
| Dative: | torkamlan, torkalanem | torka-βlaklan | torka-βlakemlan, torkam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | torkaməm | torka-βlakəm | torka-βlakeməm, torkam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | torkamla, torkalam | torka-βlakla | torka-βlakemla, torkam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | torkamge | torka-βlakge | torka-βlakemge, torkam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | torkaʃtem | torka-βlakəʃte | torka-βlakəʃtem, torkam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | torkaʃkem | torka-βlakəʃ(ke) | torka-βlakəʃkem, torkam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | torkaʃem | torka-βlakeʃ | torka-βlakeʃem, torkam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||