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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tormaka |
| Genitive: | tormakan |
| Dative: | tormakalan |
| Accusative: | tormakam |
| Comparative: | tormakala |
| Comitative: | tormakage |
| Inessive: | tormakaʃte |
| Illative: | tormakaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tormakaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tormakam |
| 2SG: | tormakat |
| 3SG: | tormakaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | tormakana |
| 2PL: | tormakada |
| 3PL: | tormakaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tormaka-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tormaka-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | tormakala |
| Sociative Plural: | tormakamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tormakam | tormaka-βlak | tormaka-βlakem, tormakam-βlak |
| Genitive: | tormakamən | tormaka-βlakən | tormaka-βlakemən, tormakam-βlakən |
| Dative: | tormakamlan, tormakalanem | tormaka-βlaklan | tormaka-βlakemlan, tormakam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tormakaməm | tormaka-βlakəm | tormaka-βlakeməm, tormakam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | tormakamla, tormakalam | tormaka-βlakla | tormaka-βlakemla, tormakam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tormakamge | tormaka-βlakge | tormaka-βlakemge, tormakam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tormakaʃtem | tormaka-βlakəʃte | tormaka-βlakəʃtem, tormakam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | tormakaʃkem | tormaka-βlakəʃ(ke) | tormaka-βlakəʃkem, tormakam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tormakaʃem | tormaka-βlakeʃ | tormaka-βlakeʃem, tormakam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||