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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tortakaj |
| Genitive: | tortakajən |
| Dative: | tortakajlan |
| Accusative: | tortakajəm |
| Comparative: | tortakajla |
| Comitative: | tortakajge |
| Inessive: | tortakajəʃte |
| Illative: | tortakajəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tortakajeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tortakajem |
| 2SG: | tortakajet |
| 3SG: | tortakajʒe |
| 1PL: | tortakajna |
| 2PL: | tortakajda |
| 3PL: | tortakajəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tortakaj-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tortakaj-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | tortakajla |
| Sociative Plural: | tortakajmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tortakajem | tortakaj-βlak | tortakaj-βlakem, tortakajem-βlak |
| Genitive: | tortakajemən | tortakaj-βlakən | tortakaj-βlakemən, tortakajem-βlakən |
| Dative: | tortakajemlan, tortakajlanem | tortakaj-βlaklan | tortakaj-βlakemlan, tortakajem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tortakajeməm | tortakaj-βlakəm | tortakaj-βlakeməm, tortakajem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | tortakajemla, tortakajlam | tortakaj-βlakla | tortakaj-βlakemla, tortakajem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tortakajemge | tortakaj-βlakge | tortakaj-βlakemge, tortakajem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tortakajəʃtem | tortakaj-βlakəʃte | tortakaj-βlakəʃtem, tortakajem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | tortakajəʃkem | tortakaj-βlakəʃ(ke) | tortakaj-βlakəʃkem, tortakajem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tortakajeʃem | tortakaj-βlakeʃ | tortakaj-βlakeʃem, tortakajem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||