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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | torf |
| Genitive: | torfə̑n |
| Dative: | torflan |
| Accusative: | torfə̑m |
| Comparative: | torfla |
| Comitative: | torfge |
| Inessive: | torfə̑što |
| Illative: | torfə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | torfeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | torfem |
| 2SG: | torfet |
| 3SG: | torfšo |
| 1PL: | torfna |
| 2PL: | torfda |
| 3PL: | torfə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | torf-βlak |
| Plural (2): | torf-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | torfla |
| Sociative Plural: | torfmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | torfem | torf-βlak | torf-βlakem, torfem-βlak |
| Genitive: | torfemə̑n | torf-βlakə̑n | torf-βlakemə̑n, torfem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | torfemlan, torflanem | torf-βlaklan | torf-βlakemlan, torfem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | torfemə̑m | torf-βlakə̑m | torf-βlakemə̑m, torfem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | torfemla, torflam | torf-βlakla | torf-βlakemla, torfem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | torfemge | torf-βlakge | torf-βlakemge, torfem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | torfə̑štem | torf-βlakə̑šte | torf-βlakə̑štem, torfem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | torfə̑škem | torf-βlakə̑š(ke) | torf-βlakə̑škem, torfem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | torfešem | torf-βlakeš | torf-βlakešem, torfem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||