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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | torfan |
| Genitive: | torfanə̑n |
| Dative: | torfanlan |
| Accusative: | torfanə̑m |
| Comparative: | torfanla |
| Comitative: | torfange |
| Inessive: | torfanə̑šte |
| Illative: | torfanə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | torfaneš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | torfanem |
| 2SG: | torfanet |
| 3SG: | torfanže |
| 1PL: | torfanna |
| 2PL: | torfanda |
| 3PL: | torfanə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | torfan-βlak |
| Plural (2): | torfan-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | torfanla |
| Sociative Plural: | torfanmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | torfanem | torfan-βlak | torfan-βlakem, torfanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | torfanemə̑n | torfan-βlakə̑n | torfan-βlakemə̑n, torfanem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | torfanemlan, torfanlanem | torfan-βlaklan | torfan-βlakemlan, torfanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | torfanemə̑m | torfan-βlakə̑m | torfan-βlakemə̑m, torfanem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | torfanemla, torfanlam | torfan-βlakla | torfan-βlakemla, torfanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | torfanemge | torfan-βlakge | torfan-βlakemge, torfanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | torfanə̑štem | torfan-βlakə̑šte | torfan-βlakə̑štem, torfanem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | torfanə̑škem | torfan-βlakə̑š(ke) | torfan-βlakə̑škem, torfanem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | torfanešem | torfan-βlakeš | torfan-βlakešem, torfanem-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||