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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tort͡soβko |
| Genitive: | tort͡soβkən |
| Dative: | tort͡soβkəlan |
| Accusative: | tort͡soβkəm |
| Comparative: | tort͡soβkəla |
| Comitative: | tort͡soβkəge |
| Inessive: | tort͡soβkəʃto |
| Illative: | tort͡soβkəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | tort͡soβkeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tort͡soβkem |
| 2SG: | tort͡soβket |
| 3SG: | tort͡soβkəʒ(o) |
| 1PL: | tort͡soβkəna |
| 2PL: | tort͡soβkəda |
| 3PL: | tort͡soβkəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tort͡soβko-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tort͡soβko-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | tort͡soβkəla |
| Sociative Plural: | tort͡soβkəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tort͡soβkem | tort͡soβko-βlak | tort͡soβko-βlakem, tort͡soβkem-βlak |
| Genitive: | tort͡soβkemən | tort͡soβko-βlakən | tort͡soβko-βlakemən, tort͡soβkem-βlakən |
| Dative: | tort͡soβkemlan, tort͡soβkəlanem | tort͡soβko-βlaklan | tort͡soβko-βlakemlan, tort͡soβkem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tort͡soβkeməm | tort͡soβko-βlakəm | tort͡soβko-βlakeməm, tort͡soβkem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | tort͡soβkemla, tort͡soβkəlam | tort͡soβko-βlakla | tort͡soβko-βlakemla, tort͡soβkem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tort͡soβkemge | tort͡soβko-βlakge | tort͡soβko-βlakemge, tort͡soβkem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tort͡soβkəʃtem | tort͡soβko-βlakəʃte | tort͡soβko-βlakəʃtem, tort͡soβkem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | tort͡soβkəʃkem | tort͡soβko-βlakəʃ(ke) | tort͡soβko-βlakəʃkem, tort͡soβkem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tort͡soβkeʃem | tort͡soβko-βlakeʃ | tort͡soβko-βlakeʃem, tort͡soβkem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||