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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | toč́kan |
| Genitive: | toč́kanə̑n |
| Dative: | toč́kanlan |
| Accusative: | toč́kanə̑m |
| Comparative: | toč́kanla |
| Comitative: | toč́kange |
| Inessive: | toč́kanə̑šte |
| Illative: | toč́kanə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | toč́kaneš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | toč́kanem |
| 2SG: | toč́kanet |
| 3SG: | toč́kanže |
| 1PL: | toč́kanna |
| 2PL: | toč́kanda |
| 3PL: | toč́kanə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | toč́kan-βlak |
| Plural (2): | toč́kan-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | toč́kanla |
| Sociative Plural: | toč́kanmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | toč́kanem | toč́kan-βlak | toč́kan-βlakem, toč́kanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | toč́kanemə̑n | toč́kan-βlakə̑n | toč́kan-βlakemə̑n, toč́kanem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | toč́kanemlan, toč́kanlanem | toč́kan-βlaklan | toč́kan-βlakemlan, toč́kanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | toč́kanemə̑m | toč́kan-βlakə̑m | toč́kan-βlakemə̑m, toč́kanem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | toč́kanemla, toč́kanlam | toč́kan-βlakla | toč́kan-βlakemla, toč́kanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | toč́kanemge | toč́kan-βlakge | toč́kan-βlakemge, toč́kanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | toč́kanə̑štem | toč́kan-βlakə̑šte | toč́kan-βlakə̑štem, toč́kanem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | toč́kanə̑škem | toč́kan-βlakə̑š(ke) | toč́kan-βlakə̑škem, toč́kanem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | toč́kanešem | toč́kan-βlakeš | toč́kan-βlakešem, toč́kanem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||