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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | toškaldə̑me |
| Genitive: | toškaldə̑mə̑n |
| Dative: | toškaldə̑mə̑lan |
| Accusative: | toškaldə̑mə̑m |
| Comparative: | toškaldə̑mə̑la |
| Comitative: | toškaldə̑mə̑ge |
| Inessive: | toškaldə̑mə̑šte |
| Illative: | toškaldə̑mə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | toškaldə̑meš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | toškaldə̑mem |
| 2SG: | toškaldə̑met |
| 3SG: | toškaldə̑mə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | toškaldə̑mə̑na |
| 2PL: | toškaldə̑mə̑da |
| 3PL: | toškaldə̑mə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | toškaldə̑me-βlak |
| Plural (2): | toškaldə̑me-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | toškaldə̑mə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | toškaldə̑mə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | toškaldə̑mem | toškaldə̑me-βlak | toškaldə̑me-βlakem, toškaldə̑mem-βlak |
| Genitive: | toškaldə̑memə̑n | toškaldə̑me-βlakə̑n | toškaldə̑me-βlakemə̑n, toškaldə̑mem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | toškaldə̑memlan, toškaldə̑mə̑lanem | toškaldə̑me-βlaklan | toškaldə̑me-βlakemlan, toškaldə̑mem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | toškaldə̑memə̑m | toškaldə̑me-βlakə̑m | toškaldə̑me-βlakemə̑m, toškaldə̑mem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | toškaldə̑memla, toškaldə̑mə̑lam | toškaldə̑me-βlakla | toškaldə̑me-βlakemla, toškaldə̑mem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | toškaldə̑memge | toškaldə̑me-βlakge | toškaldə̑me-βlakemge, toškaldə̑mem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | toškaldə̑mə̑štem | toškaldə̑me-βlakə̑šte | toškaldə̑me-βlakə̑štem, toškaldə̑mem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | toškaldə̑mə̑škem | toškaldə̑me-βlakə̑š(ke) | toškaldə̑me-βlakə̑škem, toškaldə̑mem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | toškaldə̑mešem | toškaldə̑me-βlakeš | toškaldə̑me-βlakešem, toškaldə̑mem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||