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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | toʃtemːut |
| Genitive: | toʃtemːutən |
| Dative: | toʃtemːutlan |
| Accusative: | toʃtemːutəm |
| Comparative: | toʃtemːutla |
| Comitative: | toʃtemːutge |
| Inessive: | toʃtemːutəʃto |
| Illative: | toʃtemːutəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | toʃtemːuteʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | toʃtemːutem |
| 2SG: | toʃtemːutet |
| 3SG: | toʃtemːutʃo |
| 1PL: | toʃtemːutna |
| 2PL: | toʃtemːutda |
| 3PL: | toʃtemːutəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | toʃtemːut-βlak |
| Plural (2): | toʃtemːut-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | toʃtemːutla |
| Sociative Plural: | toʃtemːutmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | toʃtemːutem | toʃtemːut-βlak | toʃtemːut-βlakem, toʃtemːutem-βlak |
| Genitive: | toʃtemːutemən | toʃtemːut-βlakən | toʃtemːut-βlakemən, toʃtemːutem-βlakən |
| Dative: | toʃtemːutemlan, toʃtemːutlanem | toʃtemːut-βlaklan | toʃtemːut-βlakemlan, toʃtemːutem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | toʃtemːuteməm | toʃtemːut-βlakəm | toʃtemːut-βlakeməm, toʃtemːutem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | toʃtemːutemla, toʃtemːutlam | toʃtemːut-βlakla | toʃtemːut-βlakemla, toʃtemːutem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | toʃtemːutemge | toʃtemːut-βlakge | toʃtemːut-βlakemge, toʃtemːutem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | toʃtemːutəʃtem | toʃtemːut-βlakəʃte | toʃtemːut-βlakəʃtem, toʃtemːutem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | toʃtemːutəʃkem | toʃtemːut-βlakəʃ(ke) | toʃtemːut-βlakəʃkem, toʃtemːutem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | toʃtemːuteʃem | toʃtemːut-βlakeʃ | toʃtemːut-βlakeʃem, toʃtemːutem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||