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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tošter |
| Genitive: | tošterə̑n |
| Dative: | tošterlan |
| Accusative: | tošterə̑m |
| Comparative: | tošterla |
| Comitative: | tošterge |
| Inessive: | tošterə̑šte |
| Illative: | tošterə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | toštereš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tošterem |
| 2SG: | tošteret |
| 3SG: | tošterže |
| 1PL: | tošterna |
| 2PL: | tošterda |
| 3PL: | tošterə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tošter-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tošter-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | tošterla |
| Sociative Plural: | toštermə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tošterem | tošter-βlak | tošter-βlakem, tošterem-βlak |
| Genitive: | tošteremə̑n | tošter-βlakə̑n | tošter-βlakemə̑n, tošterem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | tošteremlan, tošterlanem | tošter-βlaklan | tošter-βlakemlan, tošterem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tošteremə̑m | tošter-βlakə̑m | tošter-βlakemə̑m, tošterem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | tošteremla, tošterlam | tošter-βlakla | tošter-βlakemla, tošterem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tošteremge | tošter-βlakge | tošter-βlakemge, tošterem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tošterə̑štem | tošter-βlakə̑šte | tošter-βlakə̑štem, tošterem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | tošterə̑škem | tošter-βlakə̑š(ke) | tošter-βlakə̑škem, tošterem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | tošterešem | tošter-βlakeš | tošter-βlakešem, tošterem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||