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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | toštə̑jeŋoj |
| Genitive: | toštə̑jeŋojə̑n |
| Dative: | toštə̑jeŋojlan |
| Accusative: | toštə̑jeŋojə̑m |
| Comparative: | toštə̑jeŋojla |
| Comitative: | toštə̑jeŋojge |
| Inessive: | toštə̑jeŋojə̑što |
| Illative: | toštə̑jeŋojə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | toštə̑jeŋoješ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | toštə̑jeŋojem |
| 2SG: | toštə̑jeŋojet |
| 3SG: | toštə̑jeŋojžo |
| 1PL: | toštə̑jeŋojna |
| 2PL: | toštə̑jeŋojda |
| 3PL: | toštə̑jeŋojə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | toštə̑jeŋoj-βlak |
| Plural (2): | toštə̑jeŋoj-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | toštə̑jeŋojla |
| Sociative Plural: | toštə̑jeŋojmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | toštə̑jeŋojem | toštə̑jeŋoj-βlak | toštə̑jeŋoj-βlakem, toštə̑jeŋojem-βlak |
| Genitive: | toštə̑jeŋojemə̑n | toštə̑jeŋoj-βlakə̑n | toštə̑jeŋoj-βlakemə̑n, toštə̑jeŋojem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | toštə̑jeŋojemlan, toštə̑jeŋojlanem | toštə̑jeŋoj-βlaklan | toštə̑jeŋoj-βlakemlan, toštə̑jeŋojem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | toštə̑jeŋojemə̑m | toštə̑jeŋoj-βlakə̑m | toštə̑jeŋoj-βlakemə̑m, toštə̑jeŋojem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | toštə̑jeŋojemla, toštə̑jeŋojlam | toštə̑jeŋoj-βlakla | toštə̑jeŋoj-βlakemla, toštə̑jeŋojem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | toštə̑jeŋojemge | toštə̑jeŋoj-βlakge | toštə̑jeŋoj-βlakemge, toštə̑jeŋojem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | toštə̑jeŋojə̑štem | toštə̑jeŋoj-βlakə̑šte | toštə̑jeŋoj-βlakə̑štem, toštə̑jeŋojem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | toštə̑jeŋojə̑škem | toštə̑jeŋoj-βlakə̑š(ke) | toštə̑jeŋoj-βlakə̑škem, toštə̑jeŋojem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | toštə̑jeŋoješem | toštə̑jeŋoj-βlakeš | toštə̑jeŋoj-βlakešem, toštə̑jeŋojem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||