Paradigm Generator
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Paradigm Generator

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Орфографий: ○ кириллице ● УФА (UPA) ○ МФА (IPA)

You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.


Case Suffixes

Nominative:toštə̑jeŋ
Genitive:toštə̑jeŋə̑n
Dative:toštə̑jeŋlan
Accusative:toštə̑jeŋə̑m
Comparative:toštə̑jeŋla
Comitative:toštə̑jeŋge
Inessive:toštə̑jeŋə̑šte
Illative:toštə̑jeŋə̑š(ke)
Lative:toštə̑jeŋeš

Possessive Suffixes

1SG:toštə̑jeŋem
2SG:toštə̑jeŋet
3SG:toštə̑jeŋže
1PL:toštə̑jeŋna
2PL:toštə̑jeŋda
3PL:toštə̑jeŋə̑št

Number Suffixes

Plural (1):toštə̑jeŋ-βlak
Plural (2):toštə̑jeŋ-šamə̑č́
Short Plural:toštə̑jeŋla
Sociative Plural:toštə̑jeŋmə̑t

Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)

For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.

CaseCx + PxCx + NxCx + Px + Nx
Nominative:toštə̑jeŋemtoštə̑jeŋ-βlaktoštə̑jeŋ-βlakem,
toštə̑jeŋem-βlak
Genitive:toštə̑jeŋemə̑ntoštə̑jeŋ-βlakə̑ntoštə̑jeŋ-βlakemə̑n,
toštə̑jeŋem-βlakə̑n
Dative:toštə̑jeŋemlan,
toštə̑jeŋlanem
toštə̑jeŋ-βlaklantoštə̑jeŋ-βlakemlan,
toštə̑jeŋem-βlaklan
Accusative:toštə̑jeŋemə̑mtoštə̑jeŋ-βlakə̑mtoštə̑jeŋ-βlakemə̑m,
toštə̑jeŋem-βlakə̑m
Comparative:toštə̑jeŋemla,
toštə̑jeŋlam
toštə̑jeŋ-βlaklatoštə̑jeŋ-βlakemla,
toštə̑jeŋem-βlakla
Comitative:toštə̑jeŋemgetoštə̑jeŋ-βlakgetoštə̑jeŋ-βlakemge,
toštə̑jeŋem-βlakge
Inessive:toštə̑jeŋə̑štemtoštə̑jeŋ-βlakə̑štetoštə̑jeŋ-βlakə̑štem,
toštə̑jeŋem-βlakə̑šte
Illative:toštə̑jeŋə̑škemtoštə̑jeŋ-βlakə̑š(ke)toštə̑jeŋ-βlakə̑škem,
toštə̑jeŋem-βlakə̑š(ke)
Lative:toštə̑jeŋešemtoštə̑jeŋ-βlakeštoštə̑jeŋ-βlakešem,
toštə̑jeŋem-βlakeš


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