Paradigm Generator
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Paradigm Generator

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   ● XXX ○ XXX ○ XXX
Орфографий: ○ кириллице ● УФА (UPA) ○ МФА (IPA)

You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.


Case Suffixes

Nominative:toja
Genitive:tojan
Dative:tojalan
Accusative:tojam
Comparative:tojala
Comitative:tojage
Inessive:tojašte
Illative:tojaš(ke)
Lative:tojaš

Possessive Suffixes

1SG:tojam
2SG:tojat
3SG:tojaž(e)
1PL:tojana
2PL:tojada
3PL:tojašt

Number Suffixes

Plural (1):toja-βlak
Plural (2):toja-šamə̑č́
Short Plural:tojala
Sociative Plural:tojamə̑t

Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)

For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.

CaseCx + PxCx + NxCx + Px + Nx
Nominative:tojamtoja-βlaktoja-βlakem,
tojam-βlak
Genitive:tojamə̑ntoja-βlakə̑ntoja-βlakemə̑n,
tojam-βlakə̑n
Dative:tojamlan,
tojalanem
toja-βlaklantoja-βlakemlan,
tojam-βlaklan
Accusative:tojamə̑mtoja-βlakə̑mtoja-βlakemə̑m,
tojam-βlakə̑m
Comparative:tojamla,
tojalam
toja-βlaklatoja-βlakemla,
tojam-βlakla
Comitative:tojamgetoja-βlakgetoja-βlakemge,
tojam-βlakge
Inessive:tojaštemtoja-βlakə̑štetoja-βlakə̑štem,
tojam-βlakə̑šte
Illative:tojaškemtoja-βlakə̑š(ke)toja-βlakə̑škem,
tojam-βlakə̑š(ke)
Lative:tojašemtoja-βlakeštoja-βlakešem,
tojam-βlakeš


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