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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tojəʃo |
| Genitive: | tojəʃən |
| Dative: | tojəʃəlan |
| Accusative: | tojəʃəm |
| Comparative: | tojəʃəla |
| Comitative: | tojəʃəge |
| Inessive: | tojəʃəʃto |
| Illative: | tojəʃəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | tojəʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tojəʃem |
| 2SG: | tojəʃet |
| 3SG: | tojəʃəʒ(o) |
| 1PL: | tojəʃəna |
| 2PL: | tojəʃəda |
| 3PL: | tojəʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tojəʃo-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tojəʃo-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | tojəʃəla |
| Sociative Plural: | tojəʃəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tojəʃem | tojəʃo-βlak | tojəʃo-βlakem, tojəʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | tojəʃemən | tojəʃo-βlakən | tojəʃo-βlakemən, tojəʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | tojəʃemlan, tojəʃəlanem | tojəʃo-βlaklan | tojəʃo-βlakemlan, tojəʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tojəʃeməm | tojəʃo-βlakəm | tojəʃo-βlakeməm, tojəʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | tojəʃemla, tojəʃəlam | tojəʃo-βlakla | tojəʃo-βlakemla, tojəʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tojəʃemge | tojəʃo-βlakge | tojəʃo-βlakemge, tojəʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tojəʃəʃtem | tojəʃo-βlakəʃte | tojəʃo-βlakəʃtem, tojəʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | tojəʃəʃkem | tojəʃo-βlakəʃ(ke) | tojəʃo-βlakəʃkem, tojəʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tojəʃeʃem | tojəʃo-βlakeʃ | tojəʃo-βlakeʃem, tojəʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||