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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | toster |
| Genitive: | tosterən |
| Dative: | tosterlan |
| Accusative: | tosterəm |
| Comparative: | tosterla |
| Comitative: | tosterge |
| Inessive: | tosterəʃte |
| Illative: | tosterəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tostereʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tosterem |
| 2SG: | tosteret |
| 3SG: | tosterʒe |
| 1PL: | tosterna |
| 2PL: | tosterda |
| 3PL: | tosterəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | toster-βlak |
| Plural (2): | toster-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | tosterla |
| Sociative Plural: | tostermət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tosterem | toster-βlak | toster-βlakem, tosterem-βlak |
| Genitive: | tosteremən | toster-βlakən | toster-βlakemən, tosterem-βlakən |
| Dative: | tosteremlan, tosterlanem | toster-βlaklan | toster-βlakemlan, tosterem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tostereməm | toster-βlakəm | toster-βlakeməm, tosterem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | tosteremla, tosterlam | toster-βlakla | toster-βlakemla, tosterem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tosteremge | toster-βlakge | toster-βlakemge, tosterem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tosterəʃtem | toster-βlakəʃte | toster-βlakəʃtem, tosterem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | tosterəʃkem | toster-βlakəʃ(ke) | toster-βlakəʃkem, tosterem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tostereʃem | toster-βlakeʃ | toster-βlakeʃem, tosterem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||