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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | toč́nə̑j |
| Genitive: | toč́nə̑jə̑n |
| Dative: | toč́nə̑jlan |
| Accusative: | toč́nə̑jə̑m |
| Comparative: | toč́nə̑jla |
| Comitative: | toč́nə̑jge |
| Inessive: | toč́nə̑jə̑što |
| Illative: | toč́nə̑jə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | toč́nə̑ješ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | toč́nə̑jem |
| 2SG: | toč́nə̑jet |
| 3SG: | toč́nə̑jžo |
| 1PL: | toč́nə̑jna |
| 2PL: | toč́nə̑jda |
| 3PL: | toč́nə̑jə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | toč́nə̑j-βlak |
| Plural (2): | toč́nə̑j-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | toč́nə̑jla |
| Sociative Plural: | toč́nə̑jmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | toč́nə̑jem | toč́nə̑j-βlak | toč́nə̑j-βlakem, toč́nə̑jem-βlak |
| Genitive: | toč́nə̑jemə̑n | toč́nə̑j-βlakə̑n | toč́nə̑j-βlakemə̑n, toč́nə̑jem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | toč́nə̑jemlan, toč́nə̑jlanem | toč́nə̑j-βlaklan | toč́nə̑j-βlakemlan, toč́nə̑jem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | toč́nə̑jemə̑m | toč́nə̑j-βlakə̑m | toč́nə̑j-βlakemə̑m, toč́nə̑jem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | toč́nə̑jemla, toč́nə̑jlam | toč́nə̑j-βlakla | toč́nə̑j-βlakemla, toč́nə̑jem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | toč́nə̑jemge | toč́nə̑j-βlakge | toč́nə̑j-βlakemge, toč́nə̑jem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | toč́nə̑jə̑štem | toč́nə̑j-βlakə̑šte | toč́nə̑j-βlakə̑štem, toč́nə̑jem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | toč́nə̑jə̑škem | toč́nə̑j-βlakə̑š(ke) | toč́nə̑j-βlakə̑škem, toč́nə̑jem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | toč́nə̑ješem | toč́nə̑j-βlakeš | toč́nə̑j-βlakešem, toč́nə̑jem-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||