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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tumaka |
| Genitive: | tumakan |
| Dative: | tumakalan |
| Accusative: | tumakam |
| Comparative: | tumakala |
| Comitative: | tumakage |
| Inessive: | tumakaʃte |
| Illative: | tumakaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tumakaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tumakam |
| 2SG: | tumakat |
| 3SG: | tumakaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | tumakana |
| 2PL: | tumakada |
| 3PL: | tumakaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tumaka-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tumaka-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | tumakala |
| Sociative Plural: | tumakamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tumakam | tumaka-βlak | tumaka-βlakem, tumakam-βlak |
| Genitive: | tumakamən | tumaka-βlakən | tumaka-βlakemən, tumakam-βlakən |
| Dative: | tumakamlan, tumakalanem | tumaka-βlaklan | tumaka-βlakemlan, tumakam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tumakaməm | tumaka-βlakəm | tumaka-βlakeməm, tumakam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | tumakamla, tumakalam | tumaka-βlakla | tumaka-βlakemla, tumakam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tumakamge | tumaka-βlakge | tumaka-βlakemge, tumakam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tumakaʃtem | tumaka-βlakəʃte | tumaka-βlakəʃtem, tumakam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | tumakaʃkem | tumaka-βlakəʃ(ke) | tumaka-βlakəʃkem, tumakam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tumakaʃem | tumaka-βlakeʃ | tumaka-βlakeʃem, tumakam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||