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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tumbal |
| Genitive: | tumbalən |
| Dative: | tumbalːan |
| Accusative: | tumbaləm |
| Comparative: | tumbalːa |
| Comitative: | tumbalge |
| Inessive: | tumbaləʃte |
| Illative: | tumbaləʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tumbaleʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tumbalem |
| 2SG: | tumbalet |
| 3SG: | tumbalʒe |
| 1PL: | tumbalna |
| 2PL: | tumbalda |
| 3PL: | tumbaləʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tumbal-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tumbal-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | tumbalːa |
| Sociative Plural: | tumbalmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tumbalem | tumbal-βlak | tumbal-βlakem, tumbalem-βlak |
| Genitive: | tumbalemən | tumbal-βlakən | tumbal-βlakemən, tumbalem-βlakən |
| Dative: | tumbalemlan, tumbalːanem | tumbal-βlaklan | tumbal-βlakemlan, tumbalem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tumbaleməm | tumbal-βlakəm | tumbal-βlakeməm, tumbalem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | tumbalemla, tumbalːam | tumbal-βlakla | tumbal-βlakemla, tumbalem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tumbalemge | tumbal-βlakge | tumbal-βlakemge, tumbalem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tumbaləʃtem | tumbal-βlakəʃte | tumbal-βlakəʃtem, tumbalem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | tumbaləʃkem | tumbal-βlakəʃ(ke) | tumbal-βlakəʃkem, tumbalem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tumbaleʃem | tumbal-βlakeʃ | tumbal-βlakeʃem, tumbalem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||