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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tumə̑βapka |
| Genitive: | tumə̑βapkan |
| Dative: | tumə̑βapkalan |
| Accusative: | tumə̑βapkam |
| Comparative: | tumə̑βapkala |
| Comitative: | tumə̑βapkage |
| Inessive: | tumə̑βapkašte |
| Illative: | tumə̑βapkaš(ke) |
| Lative: | tumə̑βapkaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tumə̑βapkam |
| 2SG: | tumə̑βapkat |
| 3SG: | tumə̑βapkaž(e) |
| 1PL: | tumə̑βapkana |
| 2PL: | tumə̑βapkada |
| 3PL: | tumə̑βapkašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tumə̑βapka-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tumə̑βapka-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | tumə̑βapkala |
| Sociative Plural: | tumə̑βapkamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tumə̑βapkam | tumə̑βapka-βlak | tumə̑βapka-βlakem, tumə̑βapkam-βlak |
| Genitive: | tumə̑βapkamə̑n | tumə̑βapka-βlakə̑n | tumə̑βapka-βlakemə̑n, tumə̑βapkam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | tumə̑βapkamlan, tumə̑βapkalanem | tumə̑βapka-βlaklan | tumə̑βapka-βlakemlan, tumə̑βapkam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tumə̑βapkamə̑m | tumə̑βapka-βlakə̑m | tumə̑βapka-βlakemə̑m, tumə̑βapkam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | tumə̑βapkamla, tumə̑βapkalam | tumə̑βapka-βlakla | tumə̑βapka-βlakemla, tumə̑βapkam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tumə̑βapkamge | tumə̑βapka-βlakge | tumə̑βapka-βlakemge, tumə̑βapkam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tumə̑βapkaštem | tumə̑βapka-βlakə̑šte | tumə̑βapka-βlakə̑štem, tumə̑βapkam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | tumə̑βapkaškem | tumə̑βapka-βlakə̑š(ke) | tumə̑βapka-βlakə̑škem, tumə̑βapkam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | tumə̑βapkašem | tumə̑βapka-βlakeš | tumə̑βapka-βlakešem, tumə̑βapkam-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||